New and improved vaccines and drugs are urgently needed to reduce the burden of suffering and loss from diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria in developing countries. But creating these new health products requires extremely difficult long-term scientific efforts, and the markets for these kinds of life-saving vaccines and drugs are both uncertain and may not be very lucrative. Because of these barriers and risks, many scientific organizations and biopharmaceutical companies shy away from investing in these areas.
