Over the past decade, a number of national or state-level reforms have been implemented by governments that are committed to achieving universal health coverage through “demand-side” financing models, often specifically targeting the poorest and informal sectors of their populations. While many implementing countries have not yet achieved universal health coverage, reforms are underway in countries as varied as Chile, Colombia, Estonia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Kenya, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. While these reforms vary substantially across countries, common characteristics of reforms aimed at achieving universal health coverage include provider payments according to patient volume (thus payments made according to demand, rather than supply) and more varied provider networks often including private providers. In addition to reducing financial barriers and improving access to care, countries recognize that these reforms can also lead to...